England, a part of the United Kingdom (UK), is a top destination for those seeking to work, study, or settle temporarily or permanently. Known for its rich history, cultural diversity, and strong economic opportunities, England offers a broad range of amenities and a high quality of life, making it an attractive choice for many. In this guide, we will explore various aspects of living in England, including its geography, cost of living, notable cities, education system, healthcare, and more. This information will help you gain a thorough understanding of life in England and what to expect if you plan to move there.
Overview of England
England is one of the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom, alongside Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Together with Scotland and Wales, it is located on the island of Great Britain. With its extensive coastlines along the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, England benefits from the Gulf Stream, which moderates the climate, giving it relatively mild temperatures year-round. However, frequent rainfall is a common feature of life in England.
England’s strategic location, separated from continental Europe by the English Channel, allows for convenient travel to France via the Channel Tunnel, which connects England with Calais in under half an hour. This accessibility adds to the appeal of living in England, especially for those interested in exploring the rest of Europe.
Cost of Living in England
Although England is often regarded as one of the more expensive countries to live in, it offers a range of high-quality services and amenities that can help offset the costs. According to 2021 mid-year data from Numbeo, England ranks 27th out of 139 countries for cost of living, reflecting its high standard of living. In the World Happiness Report, which evaluated 149 countries between 2018 and 2020, England ranked 17th, indicating a strong quality of life.
The currency in use is the British Pound Sterling (£), commonly known as the pound. While transfers within the UK are generally free or inexpensive, currency exchange fees may apply when transferring money from abroad, particularly with the euro (€), as Brexit has made it a foreign currency for the UK.
Living Costs by City
The cost of living in England varies significantly by city. Based on Numbeo data, the table below compares the cost of living in some of England’s major cities, along with Istanbul, Turkey, for context.
| City | 1-Bedroom Apartment (Monthly Rent) | Meal for 2 (Mid-Range Restaurant) | Transportation (Monthly Pass) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Istanbul, Turkey | 2,119.27 TRY (£234.14 GBP) | 150 TRY (£16.85 GBP) | 200 TRY (£22.91 GBP) |
| London, England | £1,656.90 | £60 | £158 |
| Brighton, England | £987.20 | £60 | £79.88 |
| Cambridge, England | £1,092.65 | £55 | £57.60 |
| Oxford, England | £1,099.62 | £50 | £60 |
| Manchester, England | £853.54 | £60 | £70.87 |
Notable Cities in England
England is home to a variety of cities, each with its own unique character, attractions, and economic opportunities. Below, we take a closer look at some of the most significant cities in England.
London
London, the capital city of England, is one of the most important cities in the world. It is a bustling metropolis with iconic landmarks such as Big Ben, the London Eye, Tower Bridge, and Hyde Park. London is also a global financial hub, offering abundant career opportunities, particularly in finance, technology, and creative industries. Additionally, London is home to some of the world’s best universities, such as Imperial College London and University College London (UCL).
Cambridge
Famous for its university, Cambridge is a city that exudes academic excellence. Cambridge University is one of the world’s oldest and most prestigious universities, and its presence has made the city a hub for research and innovation. Visitors to Cambridge can explore renowned sites such as King’s College Chapel and the Cavendish Laboratory, which have played crucial roles in shaping modern science.
Oxford
Another academic powerhouse, Oxford is best known for the University of Oxford, one of the leading institutions of higher education in the world. The city itself is rich in history and culture, with numerous museums, libraries, and historic buildings. Each year, Oxford attracts thousands of international students and visitors who come to experience its unique blend of academic tradition and modern life.
Manchester
Located in the northwest of England, Manchester is one of the country’s most populous cities. It is well-known for its vibrant cultural scene, which includes music, arts, and sports. Manchester is home to two world-famous football clubs, Manchester United and Manchester City, which have a passionate global fan base. The city also boasts a growing tech sector and is a popular choice for professionals looking for opportunities outside of London.
Brighton
Brighton, located on the southeast coast of England, is famous for its relaxed atmosphere, seaside charm, and diverse culture. Known for its beautiful pebble beaches, the Brighton Pier, and the Royal Pavilion, Brighton attracts those who prefer a quieter lifestyle while still enjoying easy access to London. The city is also known for its lively arts scene and eco-conscious community.
Monthly Living Expenses in England
The cost of living in England can vary significantly based on the city and your personal lifestyle. According to Numbeo, the estimated monthly expenses for single individuals and families in key cities are as follows:
- London: Single person (£852.14, excluding rent), four-person family (£3,034.97, excluding rent).
- Oxford: Single person (£708.02, excluding rent), four-person family (£2,521.60, excluding rent).
- Manchester: Single person (£687.19, excluding rent), four-person family (£2,400.43, excluding rent).
Grocery Prices in England
Grocery prices are another important factor in determining the overall cost of living. Below is a list of average prices for common grocery items in England:
- Milk (1 liter): £0.91
- Bread (white loaf): £0.97
- Water (1.5 liters): £0.95
- Rice (1 kg): £1.10
- Eggs (12): £1.94
- Cheese (1 kg): £5.61
- Tomatoes (1 kg): £1.82
- Potatoes (1 kg): £1.12
- Chicken (fillets, 1 kg): £5.56
The Education System in England
England is home to some of the best educational institutions in the world. The education system is highly regarded and offers a variety of options for students of all ages. Education is compulsory for children up to the age of 16, and parents can choose between free state schools or private schools, which charge tuition fees. International students often opt for private schools to gain access to specialized curricula.
The country boasts renowned universities, with Oxford and Cambridge being among the top-ranked institutions globally. As of 2021, tuition fees for UK students are capped at £9,250 per year, while fees for international students vary depending on the course of study, ranging from £26,770 to £37,510 annually.
Healthcare in England
Healthcare in England is provided primarily by the National Health Service (NHS), which offers free healthcare at the point of use for residents. The NHS is funded through taxes and provides a wide range of medical services, including general practitioner (GP) visits and hospital care. For specialist services, patients need a referral from their GP.
In addition to the NHS, there are also private healthcare options available, which provide faster access to specialists and additional comforts for those who are willing to pay for them.
Tips for Moving to England
For those considering a move to England, there are several visa options available, depending on your purpose for relocating. You can apply for work visas, student visas, or investor visas, depending on your situation. However, it’s important to note that the Ankara Agreement, which previously allowed Turkish nationals to move to the UK to start a business, ended on December 31, 2020, making the process more challenging.
When moving to England, it’s crucial to plan your finances well, considering the high cost of living, particularly in cities like London. Using services like Wise for international money transfers can help reduce transfer fees, making it easier to manage your finances. Additionally, it is advisable to research and secure accommodation in advance, as the rental market in popular cities can be highly competitive.
Conclusion
England is an attractive destination for those seeking a high quality of life, excellent education, and comprehensive healthcare. Despite the high living costs, the quality of services and opportunities make it a desirable place to settle for people from all walks of life. When planning your move, make sure to thoroughly research visa requirements, cost of living, and available housing to ensure a smooth transition.
If you are interested in exploring more about living in England, such as finding affordable housing options or understanding the local culture better, feel free to check out our related articles. Whether you’re moving for work, education, or a new adventure, England offers a wealth of opportunities and experiences that are sure to enrich your life.